| GAD | Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase |
| BCG | Bacillus Calmette–Guérin |
| ECL | Electrochemiluminescence |
| DAISY | Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young |
| DKA | Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
| HLA | Human Leukocyte Antigen |
| UPR | Unfolded Protein Response |
| GLUT2 | Glucose transporter 2 |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| CGM | Continuous Glucose Monitoring |
| MCU | Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter |
| GSH | Glutathione |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| T1DM | Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| TEDDY | The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young |
| SCFA | Short-Chain Fatty Acid |
| BAF | BRG1/BRM-Associated Factor |
| IAAs | Insulin Autoantibodies |
| GADAs | Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies |
| MAFA | MAF bZIP Transcription Factor A |
| ASK | Autoimmunity Screening for Kids |
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