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. 2026 Jun 16;7(1):613. doi: 10.1038/s43247-026-03758-8

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© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A–D Sensitivity associated with various temperature (T), snow depth (Sn) and shortwave radiation (SWD) thresholds, using the example of site S6 during 2016. All model runs use a starting population (P_(t=0)) of 179 ng DW ml⁻¹ and population loss term (Θ) of 10%. A Variability in the day of year (DOY) of bloom onset. B Bloom duration in days. C The maximum daily population size achieved during the active bloom season. D Total net growth (ΣG_N) during the active bloom season, over the 10 km² pixel.