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. 2026 Jul 13;14:1880962. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1880962

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of core variables.

Variables Time M SD Skewness Kurtosis
Fried T1 1.15 1.01 0.82 0.50
T2 0.79 0.78 0.69 −0.16
T3 0.84 0.87 0.82 0.09
Dep T1 2.22 2.95 1.90 5.14
T2 1.19 1.93 2.47 7.91
T3 2.14 2.62 2.70 16.01
SPA T1 39.77 8.71 0.48 1.00
T2 40.82 6.44 0.42 0.25
T3 37.90 10.70 0.14 −0.37