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. 2026 Jul 13;14:1808521. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1808521

Table 13.

The analysis of renovation preferences and intentions among older adults individuals with different emotional profiles.

Types Different psychological types of older adults' willingness to undertake residential modifications F P-value
Cluster categories (mean ±standard deviation)
PTA PTB PTC
Willingness to invest in home renovation 2.48 ± 1.10 3.12 ± 1.23 2.48 ± 1.24 5.80 0.00 **
Willingness to install barrier-free facilities at home 2.76 ± 1.16 3.13 ± 1.23 2.53 ± 1.37 7.28 0.00 **
Preferences for and ownership rates of home-based assistive facilities among older adults with different psychological types F P -value
Cluster categories (mean ±standard deviation)
PTA PTB PTC
Bathroom grab bars 3.00 ± 0.98 3.35 ± 0.97 2.65 ± 1.29 12.96 0.00**
Enlarged keyholes and switch buttons 2.98 ± 0.93 3.43 ± 0.89 2.61 ± 1.15 21.07 0.00**
Safety handrails 3.35 ± 0.95 3.45 ± 0.86 2.88 ± 1.25 12.58 0.00**
Non-slip floor tiles 3.80 ± 0.93 3.67 ± 1.02 3.54 ± 1.28 2.67 0.07
Shower seating 3.49 ± 1.04 3.66 ± 0.96 3.05 ± 1.35 11.04 0.00**
Bathroom grab bars 3.07 ± 1.05 3.34 ± 0.93 2.68 ± 1.18 12.44 0.00**
Cluster categories (sample size, %) X 2 P -value
Bathroom grab bars 42 (16.5) 12 (11.2) 28 (19.0) 2.421 0.192
Enlarged keyholes and switch buttons 39 (15.3) 18 (16.8) 45 (30.6) 1.567 0.098
Safety handrails 56 (22.0) 15 (14) 37 (25.2) 3.890 0.087
Non-slip floor tiles 198 (77.6) 52 (48.6) 121 (82.3) 9.451 0.057
Shower seating 22 (8.6) 6 (5.6) 12 (8.2) 1.159 0.821
Bathroom grab bars 5 (2.0) 3 (2.8) 8 (5.4) 0.677 0.959
Bar chart illustrating user preferences for accessible bathroom features, including bathroom grab bars, enlarged keyholes and switch buttons, safety handrails, non-slip floor tiles, shower seats, and raised toilets. Categories tracked are: strongly unacceptable, dislike, neutral, like, and strongly like. Raised toilets, bathroom grab bars, and enlarged keyholes show the highest percentages for strong approval, while non-slip floor tiles have the most strong disapproval. Color legend below the chart details each response category. Data highlights varying acceptance levels for each feature.
Willingness to invest in residential modifications Willingness to install barrier-free facilities at home
Statistical overview of respondents' intentions toward home modification
graphic file with name fpubh-14-1808521-i0008.jpg

*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Bold values indicate statistically significant between-group test statistics and their corresponding P-values (P < 0.05). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 indicate statistical significance at the 5% and 1% levels, respectively, following conventional medical-statistical reporting practice. Reference: Altman (1990), DOI: 10.1201/9780429258589.