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. 2026 Jul 13;17:1799414. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1799414

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Copyright © 2026 Lv, Chen, Wang, Li, Bian, Cui, He, Dong, Chen, Zhao, Zhang and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Diagram depicting the renin-angiotensin pathway: Liver produces angiotensinogen, kidney releases renin forming angiotensin I, then ACE converts it to angiotensin II, with inhibition possible. Right panel shows patient blood incubated at thirty-seven degrees Celsius and four degrees Celsius for one hour, measuring angiotensin I production to calculate plasma renin activity as RIA1 minus RIA2. — Measurement of PRA.