Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by quartiles of the WCRF/AICR dietary adherence score.
| Characteristic | Category | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 54.72 (8.01) | 55.54 (7.87) | 56.05 (7.77) | 55.89 (7.70) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.30 (4.62) | 26.76 (4.41) | 26.48 (4.42) | 25.91 (4.46) | <0.001 | |
| Physical activity, log MET-min/week | 7.16 (1.45) | 7.20 (1.39) | 7.31 (1.28) | 7.36 (1.28) | <0.001 | |
| Total energy intake | 9325.27 (2265.33) | 8839.43 (2178.28) | 8464.61 (2033.92) | 8102.45 (2054.19) | <0.001 | |
| WCRF/AICR dietary score | 1.29 (0.42) | 2.26 (0.20) | 2.99 (0.21) | 3.93 (0.38) | <0.001 | |
| Valid dietary recalls, n | 3.06 (0.90) | 2.99 (0.90) | 2.94 (0.90) | 2.82 (0.87) | <0.001 | |
| Sex | Female | 10,586 (44.2%) | 12,049 (49.0%) | 13,334 (57.5%) | 12,623 (62.6%) | <0.001 |
| Male | 13,363 (55.8%) | 12,563 (51.0%) | 9,869 (42.5%) | 7,530 (37.4%) | ||
| Ethnicity | White | 23,329 (97.4%) | 23,874 (97.0%) | 22,506 (97.0%) | 19,284 (95.7%) | <0.001 |
| Non-white or unknown | 620 (2.6%) | 738 (3.0%) | 697 (3.0%) | 869 (4.3%) | ||
| Education | University degree | 10,687 (44.6%) | 11,882 (48.3%) | 11,783 (50.8%) | 11,001 (54.6%) | <0.001 |
| Other qualification | 11,848 (49.5%) | 11,309 (45.9%) | 10,166 (43.8%) | 8,135 (40.4%) | ||
| No formal qualification | 1,371 (5.7%) | 1,363 (5.5%) | 1,212 (5.2%) | 973 (4.8%) | ||
| Unknown | 43 (0.2%) | 58 (0.2%) | 42 (0.2%) | 44 (0.2%) | ||
| Household income | Low | 7,644 (31.9%) | 8,021 (32.6%) | 7,448 (32.1%) | 6,806 (33.8%) | <0.001 |
| Middle | 6,669 (27.8%) | 6,618 (26.9%) | 6,196 (26.7%) | 5,282 (26.2%) | ||
| High | 7,974 (33.3%) | 8,169 (33.2%) | 7,808 (33.7%) | 6,468 (32.1%) | ||
| Unknown | 1,662 (6.9%) | 1,804 (7.3%) | 1,751 (7.5%) | 1,597 (7.9%) | ||
| Smoking status | Never | 13,428 (56.1%) | 14,000 (56.9%) | 13,305 (57.3%) | 12,128 (60.2%) | <0.001 |
| Previous | 8,444 (35.3%) | 8,706 (35.4%) | 8,359 (36.0%) | 6,957 (34.5%) | ||
| Current | 2,036 (8.5%) | 1,876 (7.6%) | 1,508 (6.5%) | 1,036 (5.1%) | ||
| Unknown | 41 (0.2%) | 30 (0.1%) | 31 (0.1%) | 32 (0.2%) | ||
| Alcohol use | Current | 22,991 (96.0%) | 23,430 (95.2%) | 21,944 (94.6%) | 18,477 (91.7%) | <0.001 |
| Non-current or unknown | 958 (4.0%) | 1,182 (4.8%) | 1,259 (5.4%) | 1,676 (8.3%) | ||
| Doctor-diagnosed diabetes | No or unknown | 23,149 (96.7%) | 23,646 (96.1%) | 22,337 (96.3%) | 19,427 (96.4%) | 0.006 |
| Yes | 800 (3.3%) | 966 (3.9%) | 866 (3.7%) | 726 (3.6%) |
Continuous variables are mean (SD); categorical variables are n (%). P values were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables.