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. 2026 Jul 13;14:1890540. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1890540

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Copyright © 2026 Liu, Ye, Wu, Fang and Mi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Eight-panel data visualization showing demographic changes over time in a region. Panels a to c display choropleth maps of the number of older adults in 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively, with darker brown shades indicating higher populations in central and southern regions by 2020. Panels d to f show population ageing rates in 2000, 2010, and 2020 with increasing intensities of purple, notably concentrated around the center and expanding by 2020. Panels g and h display population ageing speed using green gradients for the intervals 2000–2010 and 2010–2020, highlighting isolated high-speed pockets particularly in the southeast for 2010–2020. Legends and scale bars appear in each panel for reference. — The spatial distribution of three population aging indices in Guangzhou from 2000 to 2020.