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. 2026 Jul 13;13:1858833. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1858833

Figure 2.

Seven digital line graphs labeled as Pig 3 to Pig 9 display pressure or measurement data over time on a blue grid background, with each graph marked by a black arrow at the left to indicate application of the noxious stimulus and a white arrow at the right to indicate movement of the pig or the end of the one-minute application period.

Static measurements of jaw tone during application of noxious stimulus under a non-surgical depth of anesthesia. Pressure is shown on the y-axis (range: −500 to 3,000 mmHg across all panels), and time is on the x-axis in seconds (all panels display the 60 s intended for noxious stimulation). The jaw was partially opened using a custom-built device to a stable pressure (~100 mmHg) before application of a noxious stimulus. The noxious stimulus was produced with a 15-cm Doyen forceps applied to a dewclaw and closed to the first ratchet (black arrow) for 60 s or until a limb withdrawal response was observed, whichever came first (white arrow). All pigs had positive limb withdrawal, no pigs had changes in jaw tone leading up to limb withdrawal and only 2 pigs (pig 5 and pig 7) had an abrupt and marked increase in jaw tone concurrently with limb withdrawal.