Table 6.
Baseline characteristics before and after propensity score matching in the Non-DSPN and DSPN groups.
| Variable | Before PSM | After PSM | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 569) |
Non-DSPN (n = 148) |
DSPN (n = 421) |
Statistic | P | SMD | Total (n = 286) |
Non-DSPN (n = 143) |
DSPN (n = 143) |
Statistic | P | SMD | |
| Age, years | 58.36 ± 11.38 | 55.87 ± 11.44 | 59.24 ± 11.24 | t = -3.117 | 0.002 | 0.299 | 56.43 ± 11.28 | 56.35 ± 11.23 | 56.50 ± 11.37 | t = -0.115 | 0.908 | 0.014 |
| BMI, kg/m² | 24.13 ± 3.36 | 24.51 ± 3.41 | 24.00 ± 3.34 | t = 1.585 | 0.114 | -0.15 | 24.21 ± 3.45 | 24.36 ± 3.37 | 24.05 ± 3.52 | t = 0.771 | 0.442 | -0.09 |
| SBP, mmHg | 129.35 ± 17.39 | 127.05 ± 16.46 | 130.16 ± 17.66 | t = -1.871 | 0.062 | 0.176 | 126.89 ± 16.72 | 127.48 ± 16.40 | 126.30 ± 17.07 | t = 0.597 | 0.551 | -0.07 |
| DBP, mmHg | 81.06 ± 10.96 | 80.94 ± 10.40 | 81.10 ± 11.17 | t = -0.155 | 0.877 | 0.015 | 80.69 ± 10.49 | 81.02 ± 10.48 | 80.35 ± 10.52 | t = 0.540 | 0.589 | -0.06 |
| HbA1c, % | 8.98 ± 2.45 | 8.79 ± 2.28 | 9.05 ± 2.51 | t = -1.106 | 0.269 | 0.103 | 8.89 ± 2.44 | 8.78 ± 2.29 | 9.00 ± 2.59 | t = -0.750 | 0.454 | 0.084 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.24 ± 1.57 | 5.15 ± 1.49 | 5.27 ± 1.59 | t = -0.809 | 0.419 | 0.076 | 5.22 ± 1.58 | 5.18 ± 1.50 | 5.25 ± 1.65 | t = -0.397 | 0.692 | 0.045 |
| DM duration, years | 7.00 (2.00–10.17) | 5.00 (1.00–10.00) | 8.00 (3.00–11.00) | Z = -3.074 | 0.002 | 0.255 | 6.00 (1.00–10.00) | 5.00 (1.00–10.00) | 6.00 (2.00–10.00) | Z = -0.786 | 0.432 | 0.028 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.69 (1.15–2.72) | 1.77 (1.15–2.88) |
1.68 (1.15–2.63) | Z = -0.565 | 0.572 | -0.03 | 1.71 (1.10–2.79) | 1.68 (1.11–2.77) | 1.72 (1.10–2.79) | Z = -0.226 | 0.821 | 0.074 |
| IR | 4.03 (2.39–6.30) | 3.46 (1.69–5.52) |
4.29 (2.59–6.47) | Z = -3.056 | 0.002 | 0.19 | 3.57 (1.99–5.40) | 3.41 (1.68–5.62) | 3.68 (2.38–5.27) | Z = -0.745 | 0.456 | -0.09 |
| Gender, n (%) | χ² = 3.270 | 0.071 | χ² = 0.063 | 0.801 | ||||||||
| Male | 353 (62.04) | 101 (68.24) | 252 (59.86) | -0.17 | 192 (67.13) | 97 (67.83) | 95 (66.43) | -0.03 | ||||
| Female | 216 (37.96) | 47 (31.76) | 169 (40.14) | 0.17 | 94 (32.87) | 46 (32.17) | 48 (33.57) | 0.03 | ||||
| Exercise, n (%) | χ² = 0.003 | 0.958 | χ² = 0.014 | 0.905 | ||||||||
| No | 324 (56.94) | 84 (56.76) | 240 (57.01) | 0.005 | 163 (56.99) | 82 (57.34) | 81 (56.64) | -0.01 | ||||
| Yes | 245 (43.06) | 64 (43.24) | 181 (42.99) | -0.005 | 123 (43.01) | 61 (42.66) | 62 (43.36) | 0.01 | ||||
| Smoke, n (%) | χ² = 0.025 | 0.875 | χ² = 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||||||
| No | 424 (74.52) | 111 (75.00) | 313 (74.35) | -0.015 | 214 (74.83) | 107 (74.83) | 107 (74.83) | 0 | ||||
| Yes | 145 (25.48) | 37 (25.00) | 108 (25.65) | 0.015 | 72 (25.17) | 36 (25.17) | 36 (25.17) | 0 | ||||
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or n (%) as appropriate. DSPN, distal symmetric polyneuropathy; PSM, propensity score matching; SMD, standardized mean difference; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; DM, diabetes mellitus; TG, triglycerides; IR, insulin resistance.