Table 6.
Medication use, dependence severity, psychological characteristics, and caffeine use disorder across primary headache subtypes (MOH and non-MOH groups).
| Characteristic | Migraine group1 (n = 300) |
Tension-type headache group1 (n = 147) |
Cluster headache1 group (n = 35) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMD | 7 (3–15) | 7 (3–15) | 10 (4–20) | 0.311 |
| SDS total score | 9 (7–12) | 9 (7–10) | 9 (7–12) | 0.116 |
| DASS-12 total score | 12 (7–19) | 12 (8–20) | 15 (8–21) | 0.272 |
| SURPS total score | 54 (47–60) | 54 (47–61) | 55 (45–62) | 0.835 |
| CUDQ total score | 6 (2–11) | 10 (5–15) | 10 (5–17) | 0.002* |
AMD, acute medication days; CUDQ, Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire; DASS-12, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–12; SDS, Severity of Dependence Scale; SURPS, Substance Use Risk Profile Scale.
1Participant counts represent the full study sample across both MOH and non-MOH groups.
*p-value < 0.05 is considered significant.