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. 2026 Jul 13;17:1880997. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1880997

FIGURE 2.

Bubble scatterplot showing the relationship between Z-score and log base ten of FDR for gene sets linked to metabolic disorders, with bubble size representing gene count. Five labeled disease ontology terms—'inherited metabolic disorder', 'disease of metabolism', 'lysosomal storage disease', 'carbohydrate metabolic disorder', and 'amino acid metabolic disorder'—display highest Z-scores and significant FDR values. Accompanying table lists the Term IDs, disease names, Z-scores, odds ratios with confidence intervals, and FDR values for these terms, highlighting strong statistical associations.

Disease ontology enrichment analysis of genes associated with inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Bubble plot showing the top enriched disease ontology terms identified by Open-XGR from 1,288 genes extracted from four databases. Bubble size indicates the number of genes per term. The strongest enrichment was observed for inherited metabolic disorder, confirming that the integrated gene set is highly associated with IEM.