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. 2026 Jul 11;15(14):1129. doi: 10.3390/biology15141129
HS-SPME/GC-MS headspace solid-phase microextraction tandem gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
HS-SPME headspace solid-phase microextraction
VOCs Volatile organic compounds
TPC Total phenolic content
TFC Total flavonoid content
DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
ABTS 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
CCA Crustose coralline algae
DVB/CAR/PDMS divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane
PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
DMSP Dimethylsulphoniopropionate
DMS Dimethyl sulphide
SD Standard deviation
C. webbiana Caulerpa webbiana
A. Taxiformis Asparagopsis taxiformis
R. okamurae Rugulopteryx okamurae
mgGAE/100 g DW milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of dry weight
mgQE/100 g DW milligrams of quercetin equivalents per 100 g of dry weight
mgTE/100 g DW milligrams of trolox equivalents per 100 g of dry weight
PLS-DA Partial Least Squares–Discriminant Analysis
HCA Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
PC1 Principal component 1
PC2 Principal component 2
RT Retention time
KIcalc calculated Kovat index relative n-alkanes
kIlit literature Kovat index
VIP Variable Importance in Projection