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. 2026 Jul 17;18(14):2305. doi: 10.3390/cancers18142305
ACN-HCOOH Acidified acetonitrile
AGO2 Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2
A → I Adenosine-to-inosine editing
α-KG α-ketoglutarate
ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AML Acute myeloid leukemia
AZA Azacitidine
BMMCs Bone marrow mononuclear cells
CoA Acetyl-coenzyme A
CLEC12B C-Type lectin domain family 12 member B
CMML Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Co-A Coenzyme A
CTCF CCCTC-binding factor
DEA Differential expression analysis
dPCR Digital polymerase chain reaction
EPO Erythropoietin
ESI Electrospray ionization system
FASTQ Raw sequencing data
FBXL5 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 5
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GATA2 Globin transcription factor 2
Gm 2′-O-Methyl-guanosine RNA modification
GO Gene ontology
GSEA Gene set enrichment analysis
HMAs Hypomethylating agents
HOXA Homeobox A cluster
HOXB Homeobox B cluster
HR-MDS Higher-risk MDS
HSPCs Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
IWG International Working Group
KCNB1 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1
LC Liquid chromatography
LC-MS/MS Liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry
lncRNAs Long non-coding ribonucleic acids
LSCs Leukemic stem cells
m1A N1-methyladenosine RNA modification
m6A N6-methyladenosine RNA modification
m5C 5-methylcytosine RNA modification
MDS Myelodysplastic syndromes
MDS-EB Myelodysplastic syndromes with an excess of marrow blasts
MDS-MLD Myelodysplastic syndromes with multilineage dysplasia
METTL14 Methyltransferase 14, m6A methyltransferase
miRNA MicroRNA
MRM Multiple reaction monitoring
mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA
NAD+/NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
nDNA Nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid
NES Normalized enrichment score
NGS Next generation sequencing
OXPHOS Oxidative phosphorylation
PCR Polymerase chain reaction
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
RIS Integrity Scores
SAM S-Adenosyl methionine
SNAI1 Snail family transcriptional repressor 1
STAG2 STAG2 cohesin complex component
SF3B1 Splicing factor 3b subunit 1
TET1-3 Ten-eleven translocation 1–3 enzymes
TRIM37 Tripartite motif containing 37
U2AF1 U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1
UMIs Unique molecular identifiers