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. 2026 Jun 29;48(7):669. doi: 10.3390/cimb48070669
AMD Age-related macular degeneration
A2E N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine
ARPE-19 Human retinal pigment epithelial cells
BL Blue light
ROS Reactive oxygen species
NO Nitric oxide
SOD Superoxide dismutase
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
MMP Matrix metalloproteinase
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
NLRP3 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
ASC Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
IL Interleukin
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium
FBS Fetal bovine serum
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
RT-qPCR Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
SDS-PAGE Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
HRP Horseradish peroxidase
LC-MS Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
ONL Outer nuclear layer
OPL Outer plexiform layer
INL Inner nuclear layer
OS Outer segment
IS Inner segment
SPF Specific pathogen-free
KFDA Korean Food and Drug Administration
AAALAC Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International
AVMA American Veterinary Medical Association