| ADEM | Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
| AE | Autoimmune encephalitis |
| AESD | Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion |
| ANE | Acute necrotizing encephalopathy |
| ASFA | American Society for Apheresis |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| GBS | Guillain–Barré syndrome |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| HIS | Health Information System |
| HSV-1 | Herpes simplex virus type 1 |
| IMV | Invasive mechanical ventilation |
| IQR | Interquartile range |
| ITES | Infection-triggered encephalopathy syndrome |
| IVIG | Intravenous immunoglobulin |
| MERS | Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion |
| MOGAD | Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| NMDAR | N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor |
| OCB | Oligoclonal bands |
| OCEBM | Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PCPC | Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category |
| PELOD-2 | Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 |
| PICU | Pediatric intensive care unit |
| PRISM III | Pediatric Risk of Mortality III |
| RTX | Rituximab |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| TPE | Therapeutic plasma exchange |
| WBC | White blood cell |