AA	Acrylic acid
AAm	Acrylamide
AgNWs	Silver nanowires
BC	Bacterial cellulose
CNTs	Carbon nanotubes
CS	Chitosan
DAC	Directional annealing casting
DES	Deep eutectic solvent
DI	Deionized water
DN	Double network
EG	Ethylene glycol
ESR	Equilibrium swelling ratio
GF	Gauge factor
GO	Graphene oxide
HEMA	2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
IPN	Interpenetrating polymer network
LMA	Lauryl methacrylate
MMT	Montmorillonite
MPS	3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane
MXene	Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides
NSR	Negative swelling ratio
PAA	Poly(acrylic acid)
PAAm	Polyacrylamide
PAM	Polyacrylamide
PBS	Phosphate-buffered saline
PDMAEMA	Poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)
PDMS	Polydimethylsiloxane
PEI	Polyethyleneimine
PNIPAM	Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
PSBMA	Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)
PVA	Poly(vinyl alcohol)
RH	Relative humidity
SA	Sodium alginate
SBMA	Sulfobetaine methacrylate
SR	Swelling ratio
TA	Tannic acid