| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |
| AT | Analytical threshold |
| bp | Basepair |
| CE | Capillary electrophoresis |
| cm | Centimetre |
| CPI | Combined probability of inclusion |
| DDE | Differential DNA extraction |
| DE | Differential extraction |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DTT | Dithiothreitol |
| HID | Human identification |
| HREC | Human Research Ethics Committee |
| HSD | Honestly significant difference |
| ISO | International Organisation of Standardisation |
| kV | Kilovolt |
| LR | Likelihood ratio |
| M:F | Male-to-female |
| MBG | Molecular grade water |
| MCMC | Markov Chain Monte Carlo |
| ng | Nanogram |
| NGS | Next-generation sequencing |
| nm | Nanometre |
| NTC | No-template control |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| qPCR | Quantitative real-time PCR |
| RFU | Relative fluorescent unit |
| rpm | Revolutions per minute |
| SAPS | South African Police Services |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| ST | Stochastic threshold |
| STR | Short tandem repeat |
| TCEP | Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine |
| UCT | University of Cape Town |
| UNICEF | United Nations Children’s Fund |
| USA | United States of America |
| μL | Microliter |