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. 2026 Jul 9;27(14):6130. doi: 10.3390/ijms27146130
AML acute myeloid leukemia
ATP adenosine triphosphate
CHAC1 ChaC glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1
cGAS-STING cyclic GMP-AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes
CSC cancer stem cell
DRP1 dynamin-related protein 1
ER endoplasmic reticulum
ETC electron transport chain
EV extracellular vesicle
EMT epithelial–mesenchymal transition
GSH glutathione
GLUT2 glucose transporter 2
GLUT4 glucose transporter 4 (insulin-dependent)
IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1
MIS 6 Marine Isotope Stage 6
MICOS mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system
NK natural killer
OPA1 optic atrophy protein 1
OXPHOS oxidative phosphorylation
PAMP pathogen-associated molecular pattern
PFK phosphofructokinase
PPP pentose phosphate pathway
ROS reactive oxygen species
SASP senescence-associated secretory phenotype
TME tumor microenvironment
USO underground storage organ
XDH xylitol dehydrogenase