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. 2026 Jul 24;14(7):e015325. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2026-015325

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Tumor response and treatment duration. (A) Waterfall plot of percentage reduction of tumor diameter from baseline as measured by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1. (B) Swimming plot of treatment duration. MPR presented here was defined as tumor shrinkage of ≥70% to <100%; minorPR presented here was defined as tumor shrinkage of ≥30% to <70%. (C) Pretreatment and post-treatment enhanced neck MRI images from a stage T2N3M0 patient. A 47-year-old man with PD-L1 CPS<1 showed a primary lesion in the right aryepiglottic fold and piriform sinus with bulky right cervical lymphadenopathy (largest, 9.0×4.5×8.0 cm) at baseline, encasing carotid artery. After induction chemoimmunotherapy, the primary lesion completely resolved and cervical lymph nodes markedly regressed (largest, 1.8×1.3×2.2 cm), achieving an MPR. CR was observed after 20 fractions of radiotherapy, with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis 1 month postradiotherapy, and sustained tumor-free survival at 37 months of follow-up. (D) Pretreatment and post-treatment enhanced neck MRI images from a stage T4bN2cM0 patient. A 54-year-old man with PD-L1 CPS of 7 had a mass (3.1×4.5×5.7 cm) involving the right piriform sinus, postcricoid region, thyroid/cricoid cartilage, and soft tissue at baseline, with carotid artery encasement, extending superiorly to the aryepiglottic fold and inferiorly to the esophagus, accompanied by multiple bilateral cervical lymph nodes. After induction chemoimmunotherapy, both the primary lesion and cervical lymphadenopathy decreased in size, achieving PR. After 20 fractions of radiotherapy, a marked tumor regression was observed, achieving MPR. 1 month after completion of radiotherapy, complete tumor resolution (CR) was confirmed. At the data cut-off, the patient remained tumor-free with a follow-up of 40 months. cCRT, concurrent chemoradiotherapy; CPS, combined positive score; CR, complete response; MPR, major partial response; MinorPR, minor partial response; PD, progressive disease; PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; SD, stable disease; TNM, tumor/node/metastasis.