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. 2026 Jul 11;14(7):146. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence14070146
ILAS Instrument Learning Approaches Scale
FAHS Fine Arts High School
DM Deep Motive
DS Deep Strategy
DL Deep Learning
SS Surface Strategy
SM Surface Motive
SL Surface Learning
SAL Student Approaches to Learning
SLA Surface Learning Approach
DLA Deep Learning Approach