Akt/mTOR	protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin
AMPK	adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
FMT	fecal microbiota transplantation
GPR43	G-protein coupled receptor 43
GPR41	G-protein coupled receptor 41
GPCRs	G-protein coupled receptors
HDAC	histone deacetylase
MAPK/ERK	mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase
MCMM	microbial community-scale metabolic modelling
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
SCFAs	short-chain fatty acids