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. 2026 Jul 21;16(7):507. doi: 10.3390/metabo16070507
2-BMC 2-bromomethcathinone
3-BMC 3-bromomethcathinone
4-BMC 4-bromomethcathinone
3-CMC 3-chloromethcathinone
4-CMC 4-chloromethcathinone
4-FMC 4-fluoromethcathinone
2-MMC 2-methylmethcathinone
3-MMC 3-methylmethcathinone
4-MMC 4-methylmethcathinone
CE collision energy
%CV coefficient of variation
DAT dopamine transporter
DPC Decision Point Concentration
EMCDDA European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
ESI electrospray ionization
EUDA European Union Drug Agency
FID flame ionization detector
GC gas chromatography
HS-GC-FID/FID Headspace Gas Chromatography with Dual Flame Ionization Detection
ISTDs internal standards
LC-HRMS Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
LC-MS/MS Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
LLE liquid–liquid extraction
LLOQ lower limit of quantification
LOD limit of detection
MDMA 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
MRM multiple reaction monitoring
NET norepinephrine transporter
NPSs new psychoactive substances
QC quality control
SCs synthetic cathinones
SD standard deviation
SERT serotonin transporter
SWGTOX the Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology
THC Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
ULOQ upper limit of quantification