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. 2026 Jul 22;16(7):511. doi: 10.3390/metabo16070511
4CL 4-coumarate:CoA ligase
ANS anthocyanin synthase
APCI atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
C4H cinnamate 4-hydroxylase
CDS coding sequences
CHI chalcone isomerase
CHS chalcone synthase
CV coefficient of variation
DEGs differentially expressed genes
DFR dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
ECDF empirical cumulative distribution function
ESI electrospray ionization
F3′H flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase
F3H flavanone 3-hydroxylase
FDR false discovery rate
FPKM fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads
HCA hierarchical cluster analysis
LCY lycopene cyclase
MBW MYB-bHLH-WDR
MRM multiple reaction monitoring
OPLS-DA orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis
PAL phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
PSY phytoene synthase
QC quality control
TIC total ion chromatogram
UPLC-MS/MS ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
ZDS zeta-carotene desaturase
Z-score standard score