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. 2026 Jul 13;18(7):850. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18070850
5-FU 5-fluorouracil
ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AML Acute myeloid leukemia
AMPK 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
BSO L-buthionine sulfoximine
ccRCC Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
CRC Colorectal cancer
DBZ Dibenzozepine
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
GA Glutaminase
GBM Glioblastoma
Gln Glutamine
Glu Glutamate
GLS Glutaminase isoenzyme 1
GLS2 Glutaminase isoenzyme 2
GS Glutamine synthetase
GSH Glutathione
GSI Gamma-secretase inhibitor
HNSCC Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
LDHA Lactate dehydrogenase A
NQO1 NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1
NRF2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer
OXPHOS Oxidative phosphorylation
PD-1 Programmed cell death protein 1
PET Positron emission tomography
PDK Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
PDAC Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
PDO Patient-derived organoids
PDX Patient-derived xenografts
PD-1 Programmed cell death protein 1
PD-L1 Programmed cell death ligand 1
PROTAC Proteolysis Targeting Chimera
RCC Renal cell carcinoma
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SCC Squamous cell carcinoma
T-ALL T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
TAM Tumor-associated macrophage
TCA Tricarboxylic acid
TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
TME Tumor microenvironment
TNBC Triple negative breast cancer