| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| ABA | abscisic acid |
| GA3 | gibberellic acid |
| SA | salicylic acid |
| JA | jasmonic acid |
| PGPR | plant growth-promoting rhizosphere bacteria |
| S | single salt stress |
| SD | short-term drought exposure under salt stress at the flowering stage |
| SEM | scanning electron microscopy |
| TEM | transmission electron microscopy |
| PCoA | principal coordinate analysis |
| LDA | linear discriminant analysis |
| UHPLC-MS/MS | ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| DAM | differentially accumulated metabolite |