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. 2026 Jul 18;15(14):2199. doi: 10.3390/plants15142199
ALI Acute lung injury
AP-1 Activator protein-1
BALF Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
CCK8 Cell Counting Kit-8
CCL2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2
DMSO Dimethyl Sulfoxide
DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
HPLC High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
IC50 Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
IgM Immunoglobulin M
IKKβ Inhibitor of kappa B kinase bate
IL-1β Interleukin-1 beta
IL-6 Interleukin-6
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IκBα Inhibitor of κB alpha
JNK c-jun N-terminal kinase
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MAPKs Mitogen-activated protein kinases
MPM Mouse peritoneal macrophage
mtROS Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species
MyD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB Nuclear Factor Kappa-B
NHS Normal human serum
NO Nitric oxide
NOX NADPH oxidase
P38 p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
PAMP Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
ROS Reactive oxygen species
TCE Ethanol extract of T. chinensis
TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha