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. 2026 Jun 30;13(7):637. doi: 10.3390/vetsci13070637
NUE Nitrogen use efficiency
DM Dry matter
DMI Dry matter intake
TMR Total mixed ration
EE Ether extract
NDF Neutral detergent fiber
ADF Acid detergent fiber
GE Gross energy
NEL Net energy for lactation
RUP Rumen-undegradable protein
MCP Microbial crude protein
VFA Volatile fatty acid
NH3-N Ammonia nitrogen
SCC Somatic cell count
SEM Standard error of the mean
EAA Essential amino acid
NEAA Non-essential amino acid
AA Amino acids
Arg Arginine
His Histidine
Ile Isoleucine
Leu Leucine
Lys Lysine
Met Methionine
Phe Phenylalanine
Thr Threonine
Val Valine
Ala Alanine
Asp Aspartic acid
Cys Cysteine
Glu Glutamic acid
Gly Glycine
Pro Proline
Ser Serine
Tyr Tyrosine