Table 1.

Characteristics of PCCS and respondents (Frequency n, Percentage %)

	All participants	University Hospital	General Hospital	Significance test*
PCCS is an…
Palliative care consultation service
internal structure at a hospital	37 (95)	21 (100)	16 (89)	X2(1) = 2.46; p = 0.117
external, consultations at hospitals	2 (5)	0 (0)	2 (11)
Hospital size
Up to 299 beds	5 (13)	0 (0)	5 (28)	U = 31.50; Z = -5.09; p < 0.001
300 to 499 beds	3 (8)	0 (0)	3 (17)
500 to 699 beds	7 (18)	0 (0)	7 (39)
700 to over 1000 beds	24 (62)	21 (100)	3 (17)
Comprehensive Cancer Center
Yes	22 (56)	19 (90)	3 (17)	X2(1) = 20.44; p < 0.001
No	16 (41)	2 (10)	14 (78)
No answer	1 (3)	0 (0)	1 (6)
Palliative care unit
Yes	30 (77)	21 (100)	9 (50)	X2(1) = 13.65; p < 0.001
No	9 (23)	0 (0)	9 (50)
Recommendation vs. prescription of opioids
Recommendation	31 (79)	21 (100)	10 (56)	X2(1) = 11.74; p < 0.001
Prescription	8 (21)	0 (0)	8 (44)
Respondent
Gender
Female	30 (77)	19 (90)	11 (61)	X2(1) = 47.08; p = 0.03
Male	9 (23)	2 (10)	7 (39)
Position
Specialist doctor (leading position)	31 (79)	16 (76)	15 (83)	X2(1) = 0.30; p = 0.582
Specialist doctor (no leading position)	8 (21)	5 (24)	3 (17)
Specialist for…
internal medicine	16 (41)	7 (33)	9 (50)	X2(2) = 24.62; p = 0.292
anaesthesiology	2 (5)	2 (10)	0 (0)
general medicine	21 (54)	12 (57)	9 (50)
Additional qualification (more than one possible)
Palliative medicine	39 (100)	21 (100)	18 (100)	--
Emergency medicine	12 (31)	5 (24)	7 (39)	X2(1) = 10.35; p = 0.309
Pain therapy	8 (21)	4 (19)	4 (22)	X2(1) = 0.06; p = 0.807

* Chi-square test (nominal data) or Kruskal-Wallis H-test (ordinal data); significance level p < 0.05 (two-sided)