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. 2026 Mar 24;133(7):1005–1015. doi: 10.1007/s00702-026-03125-z

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© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Left, Bevan-Lewis’s illustration of changes in the deepest layer of human cortex in chronic alcoholic insanity: “The blood-vessels which are undergoing fatty degeneration are crowded by perivascular nuclei and surrounded by numerous scavenger-elements, ×180.” (detail from Bevan-Lewis 1889, Plate XVI, Fig. 2, between pages 528 and 529). Right, “Degeneration of Nerve-cells in Human Cortex. Taken from a section of the motor region to illustrate the mode of connection and relationships existing between the scavenger-elements of the lymph-connective system and the cortical blood-vessels. The swollen granular degenerated nerve cells are seen attacked on all hands by the scavenger-elements, ×210.” (detail from Bevan-Lewis 1889, Plate XVIII, between pages 538 and 539)