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. 2026 Jul 20;17:1855538. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1855538

Figure 3.

Four dot plots labeled A, B, C, and D compare serum ADA levels by sex, age, body mass index, and ethnicity. Panel A shows a significant difference between males and females. Panel B shows highly significant differences among age groups, especially between eighteen to thirty-nine and forty to fifty-nine years. Panel C compares ADA levels across three BMI categories with a noted statistical difference. Panel D presents ADA levels by ethnicity without statistical indicators. Each plot displays median and interquartile ranges with individual data points.

Association between patient characteristics and serum adalimumab levels in non-infectious uveitis. Serum trough levels of adalimumab (ADA) according to patient-related factors in non-infectious uveitis. (A) ADA levels according to biologic sex. (B) ADA levels according to age group. (C) ADA levels according to body mass index (BMI) categories (normal weight, overweight, and obesity). (D) ADA levels according to ethnicity. Each dot represents an individual measurement (n = 135). Horizontal lines indicate median values with interquartile range (IQR). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test or Kruskal–Wallis test, as appropriate, followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons when applicable. BMI categories defined as: normal (<25 kg/m²), overweight (25–29.9), obesity (≥30). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001.