Table 2.

Association between probiotic/prebiotic consumption and the severity of depressive symptoms.

	Probiotic/prebiotic consumption		P-value
	No	Yes
Mode l	Ref.	0.64 (0.47, 0.86)	.003
Mode 2	Ref.	0.66 (0.49, 0.88)	.006
Mode 3	Ref.	0.67 (0.51, 0.89)	.008
Mode 4	Ref.	0.68 (0.50, 0.92)	.017

Values are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals).

Model 1: no covariates were adjusted.

Model 2: adjusted for Gender, Age, Race, Marital status, and Educational level.

Model 3: adjusted for Gender, Age, Race, Marital status, Educational level, Smoke,

Alcohol, BMI, and Sleep duration.

Model 4: adjusted for Gender, Age, Race, Marital status, Educational level, Smoke, Alcohol, BMI, Sleep duration, Diabetes, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, CVD, Sleep disorder, Gastrointestinal disorder and COPD.