Table 2.

Comparison of the Experimentally Measured Average Charge State (z_avg) and Charge State of Highest Abundance (z_base) of DAB-64 Dendrimer (5 × 10⁻⁵ M), with the Rayleigh Charge (z_R) of a Spherical Droplet of the Same Size^a as the Dendrimer, for Electrospray Solutions with Various Surface Tensions (Errors are reported as one standard deviation from three replicate measurements)

electrospray solventb	surface tension (mN/m)	zR	zbase	zavg	zbase/zR	zavg/zR
water	72	11.0	11	9.9 ± 0.1	1.00	0.90
m-NBAc	50d	9.2e	8	8.8 ± 0.4	0.87	0.96
acetic acid	27	6.8	9	8.4 ± 0.2	1.33	1.24
methanol	22	6.1	6	6.7 ± 0.3	0.98	1.10
2-propanol	21	6.0	7	7.6 ± 0.5	1.17	1.27

^aRadius of 19.8 Å, from ref 35.

^bSingle-component electrospray solutions were used, unless otherwise noted.

^cThe electrospray solution was 5% m-NBA/95% methanol.

^dSurface tension of m-NBA (98% pure material).

^eRayleigh charge for a droplet composed of only m-NBA.