Table 1.
Characteristics of Infants Treated for Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus
| Period 1: 1999 (No vancomycin restriction) (n = 45) | Period 2: 2000–2001 (Vancomycin restriction) (n = 37) | Difference (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Baseline characteristics, median (range) | ||||
| Birth weight, grams | 890 (550, 1750) | 966 (628, 3417) | 39 (-69, 148) | 0.269 |
| Gestational age, weeks | 27 (24, 31) | 27 (24, 41) | 0.0 (-1.0, 1.0) | 0.337 |
| Age at onset of sepsis, days | 13 (4, 74) | 10 (5, 23) | -2 (-4, 1) | 0.149 |
| Characteristics at onset of sepsis, n (%) | ||||
| Presence of a central venous line | 18 (40.0) | 21 (56.8) | 16.8 (-4.8, 36.3) | 0.183 |
| Central venous line removal * | 10/18 (55.6) | 10/21 (47.6) | 7.9 (-35.6, 21.7) | 0.751 |
| Receiving total parenteral nutrition | 41 (91.1) | 36 (97.3) | 6.2 (-6.2, 18.2) | 0.372 |
| Prior antibiotics | 43 (95.6) | 33 (89.2) | -6.4 (-20.6, 5.9) | 0.402 |
| Mean time between sepsis and prior antibiotics, days (sd) | 6.4 (4.4) | 4.7 (3.4) | -1.7 (-3.5, 5.8) | 0.053 |
| Clinical signs of sepsis, n (%) | ||||
| Lethargy | 41(91.1) | 25 (67.6) | -23.5 (-40.5, -6.1) | 0.011 |
| Increased frequency of apneic spells | 35 (77.8) | 23 (62.1) | -15.6 (-34.4, 4.1) | 0.148 |
| Temperature instability | 23 (51.1) | 17 (45.9) | -5.2 (-25.6, 15.9) | 0.664 |
| Need for increased ventilatory support | 9/12 (75.0) | 15/16 (93.7) | 18.8 (-8.6, 47.4) | 0.285 |
| Need for intubation in infants not on any ventilatory support | 20/33 (60.6) | 14/21 (66.7) | 6.1 (-19.8, 29.4) | 0.775 |
| Poor perfusion requiring fluid boluses or inotropic support | 15 (33.3) | 11 (29.7) | -3.6 (-22.7, 16.4) | 0.814 |
| Isolate resistant, n (%) | ||||
| Cloxacillin | 34 (75.5) | 29 (78.4) | 2.8 (-15.8, 20.4) | 0.799 |
| Gentamicin | 30 (66.7) | 26 (72.2) | 3.6 (-16.4, 22.7) | 0.635 |
| Both cloxacillin and gentamicin | 23 (51.1) | 26 (72.2) | 21.1 (-0.03, 39.6) | 0.113 |
* Percentage based on infants with a central venous line