Table 2. Detection of influenza A virus in animal and environmental samples during field investigation.
| Surveillance site | Sample ID / source | Specimen type | Collection date | Influenza A result | H5 | H7 | H9 | HxNy subtyping |
| Abbreviation: Ct=cycle threshold; BAL=bronchoalveolar lavage; Jan=January; Feb=February. * All influenza A-positive samples were negative for H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. Samples with Ct values greater than 35 were considered low viral-load specimens, and full HxNy subtyping or sequencing was not possible for some of these samples because of insufficient viral nucleic acids. | ||||||||
| Patient's household | Pig 1 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Pig 2 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=36.58* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Patient's household | Pig 3 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=37.45* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Patient's household | Pig feces | Fecal sample | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Pig feed trough | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Chicken feces | Fecal sample | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Chicken feed | Feed sample | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Chicken drinking water | Poultry drinking water | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Chicken | Oropharyngeal and cloacal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Goose | Oropharyngeal and cloacal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Pigeon | Oropharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Bed frame in bedroom | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Pillow in patient's bedroom | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=38.61* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Patient's household | Medicine bowl | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Quilt in patient's bedroom | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=36.31* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Patient's household | Child's toy car | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=36.16* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Patient's household | Pigeon cage | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor1s household | Pig 4 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Positive, Ct=38.72* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Neighbor1s household | Pig 5 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor1s household | Pig 6 | Nasopharyngeal swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor1s household | Pig 4 feces | Fecal sample | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Slaughterhouse | Chopping board | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Slaughterhouse | Wastewater | Cleaning wastewater | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Clinic | Heated table | Surface swab | Jan-31-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Bedside cabinet | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Bed rail | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Mobile phone | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Bathroom door handle | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Toilet flush button | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Patient pillow | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Nebulizer tubing | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Hospital | Consultation room | Environmental swab | Jan-30-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Wastewater 1 | Water sample | Feb-3-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Patient's household | Pig feeding trough | Surface swab | Feb-3-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor's household | Wastewater 2 | Water sample | Feb-3-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor's household | Pig feeding trough 3 | Surface swab | Feb-3-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor1's household | Bronchoalveolar fluid | BAL fluid | Feb-1-2026 | Positive, Ct=37.16* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Not subtyped due to low viral load |
| Neighbor2's household | Pleural effusion 1 | Pleural fluid | Feb-1-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor2's household | Pleural effusion 2 | Pleural fluid | Feb-1-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Neighbor2's household | Lung tissue 1 | Lung tissue | Feb-1-2026 | Positive, Ct=35.43* | Negative | Negative | Negative | Hx not subtyped; N2 suspected, Ct=37.85* |
| Neighbor2's household | Trachea | Tracheal tissue | Feb-1-2026 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |