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. 2026 Jun 1;18:346. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01758-x

Table 2.

Summary of the main quantitative findings, including the number of studies and effect sizes per analysis

Analysis Role in manuscript Model Effect metric Studies / effect sizes (k/n) Participants (Exp/Control) Pooled effect 95% CI P value Heterogeneity (I²)
CMJ-only Primary analysis Fixed-effect MD (cm) 8 / 8 110 / 86 2.41 1.20 to 3.61 < 0.0001 26%
CMJ-only (leave-two-out: excluding Krzysztofik [12] and Villalon-Gasch [30]) Sensitivity analysis Fixed-effect MD (cm) 6 / 6 85 / 68 1.95 0.69 to 3.21 0.003 0%
CMJ-only (SMD sensitivity analysis) Sensitivity analysis Random-effects SMD 8 / 8 110 / 86 0.52 0.23 to 0.82 0.0005 0%
All jump outcomes Supplementary analysis Random-effects SMD 10 / 10 139 / 115 0.42 0.17 to 0.68 0.001 0%
Sprint Secondary exploratory analysis Random-effects SMD 3 / 3 41 / 35 0.29 -0.35 to 0.94 0.37 49%
Change-of-direction (COD) Secondary exploratory analysis Random-effects SMD 3 / 3 47 / 47 -0.75 -1.17 to -0.33 0.0005 0%