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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Aug 7.
Published in final edited form as: Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Sep;122(3):659–667. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182a1118a

Table 2.

Incidence Rates and Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios For Adverse Obstetric Events Occurring Within 42 Days of Receiving Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine

Outcome 42-Day Events Number of events (Rates per 1000 pregnancies) Multivariable Analyses*
Vaccinated Unvaccinated P Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratio (95% CI) P
Vaccinated in first trimester n=21,107 n=40,738
 Hyperemesis 427 (20.2) 907 (22.3) .10 .88 (.79–0.99) .03
 Chronic hypertension 11 (.5) 30 (.7) .32 .67 (0.34–1.34) .26
Vaccinated at 20 weeks or greater n=38,038 n=74,192
 Gestational hypertension 504 (13.2) 973 (13.1) .85 .99 (.89–1.11) .89
 Gestational diabetes 868 (22.8) 1908 (25.7) .003 .89 (.82–.96) .004
Vaccinated in any trimester n=74,292 n=144,597
 Proteinuria 58 (.80) 153 (1.1) .048 .73 (.54–.99) .04
 Urinary tract infection 609 (8.2) 1305 (9.0) .049 .92 (.84–1.02) .10

CI, confidence interval.

*

All outcomes adjusted for receipt of medical care in the first trimester, hospitalization prior to vaccination or index date, and poverty; additional adjustments were outcome specific

Also adjusted for diabetes, gestational diabetes

Also adjusted for obesity