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. 2026 Aug 5;14:e21617. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21617

Table 1. Demographic characteristics and occurrence of lingual canal in lower incisors in CBCT scans of the evaluated patients.

Variable MD (SD) or ni (%)
Female
(ni= 211 (61.70))
Male
(ni= 131 (38.30))
Average age (years) 51.12 ± 14.19 52.40 ± 14.47
Age range
18 years old
20–29 years old
30–39 years old
40–49 years old
50–59 years old
60–69 years old
≥70 years
4 (1.90)
15 (7.10)
27 (12.80)
37 (17.55)
66 (31.30)
48 (22.75)
14 (6.60)
1 (0.76)
5 (3.82)
22 (16.79)
26 (19.85)
31 (23.66)
33 (25.19)
13 (9.92)
Total number of teeth evaluated
Teeth 31 and 32 (left side)
Teeth 41 and 42 (right side)
422 (50.00)
422 (50.00)
262 (50.00)
262 (50.00)
Occurrence of the lingual canal
No
Yes
145 (68.72)
66 (31.28)
76 (58.02)
55 (41.98)
Location of the lingual canal
Teeth 31 and 32 (left side)
Teeth 41 and 42 (right side)
32 (48.48)
34 (51.52)
20 (36.36)
35 (63.64)
Lingual canal position
Straight
Mesial
Distal
49 (74.24)
8 (12,12)
9 (13.64)
40 (72.73)
6 (10.91)
9 (16.36)

Notes.

MD, Mean; SD, Standard deviation; ni, Absolute frequency; %, Percentage.