Table 3.

Association between demographic and clinical characteristics and prevalence of participation in specific activities among Fragile X Online Registry With Accessible Research Database participants, aged 5–17, by activity type, 2011–2021.

Demographic and clinical characteristics a	Child participated inb
	Physical activities (n = 714)c	Peer activities (n = 714)c	School-based clubs and programs (n = 714)c	Community-based activities and therapies (n = 714)c	Religious activities (n = 714)c
	aPRd (95% CI)	aPRd (95% CI)	aPRd (95% CI)	aPRd (95% CI)	aPRd (95% CI)
Child’s age at most recent clinical visit, in years
5–10 (ref.)	-	-	-	-	-
11–13	1.08 (0.95, 1.24)	0.98 (0.77, 1.25)	1.79 (1.23, 2.62)	0.82 (0.58, 1.18)	0.86 (0.65, 1.14)
14–17	1.12 (1.00, 1.25)	1.02 (0.84, 1.24)	2.40 (1.75, 3.28)	0.82 (0.61, 1.11)	0.81 (0.63, 1.05)
Child race and ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic (ref.)	-	-	-	-	-
Black, non-Hispanic	0.91 (0.72, 1.15)	0.86 (0.56, 1.32)	0.33 (0.11, 1.02)	0.67 (0.34, 1.35)	1.50 (1.07, 2.09)
Other race, non-Hispanic	0.98 (0.79, 1.22)	0.83 (0.53, 1.29)	1.51 (0.93, 2.46)	1.47 (0.92, 2.35)	0.60 (0.30, 1.19)
Multi-race, non-Hispanic	0.75 (0.51, 1.12)	0.87 (0.53, 1.44)	1.24 (0.61, 2.55)	1.34 (0.77, 2.33)	0.86 (0.43, 1.70)
Hispanic	0.74 (0.60, 0.91)	0.78 (0.57, 1.06)	1.00 (0.66, 1.53)	0.84 (0.52, 1.35)	0.59 (0.36, 0.94)
Child sex
Male (ref.)	-	-	-	-	-
Female	0.89 (0.79, 1.01)	1.18 (0.97, 1.43)	1.57 (1.19, 2.06)	1.51 (1.12, 2.03)	1.08 (0.85, 1.38)
Primary caregiver education
≤ High school diploma	0.62 (0.48, 0.80)	0.59 (0.39, 0.90)	0.54 (0.30, 0.97)	0.46 (0.25, 0.85)	0.52 (0.31, 0.86)
Some college	0.85 (0.75, 0.98)	0.66 (0.51, 0.85)	0.40 (0.25, 0.64)	0.72 (0.51, 1.01)	0.60 (0.44, 0.83)
Bachelor’s degree	0.92 (0.82, 1.03)	0.84 (0.69, 1.03)	0.86 (0.65, 1.14)	0.65 (0.47, 0.89)	0.87 (0.69, 1.10)
Advanced degree (ref.)	-	-	-	-	-
Child’s autism spectrum disorder diagnosis
Current or past diagnosis	0.92 (0.83, 1.03)	0.74 (0.61, 0.90)	0.61 (0.46, 0.83)	1.07 (0.79, 1.46)	0.66 (0.52, 0.85)
Never diagnosed (ref.)	-	-	-	-	-
Child’s current behavioral conditions
Attention problems or hyperactivity
Yes	0.83 (0.73, 0.93)	0.79 (0.63, 0.98)	0.90 (0.65, 1.26)	0.98 (0.66, 1.46)	0.75 (0.56, 1.00)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-
Hypersensitivity e
Yes	1.18 (1.04, 1.33)	1.30 (1.06, 1.60)	1.17 (0.87, 1.58)	1.01 (0.74, 1.37)	1.23 (0.95, 1.59)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-
Anxiety
Yes	1.04 (0.90, 1.20)	1.39 (1.05, 1.84)	0.89 (0.63, 1.25)	1.19 (0.79, 1.82)	1.46 (1.02, 2.07)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-
OCD or perseverative behaviors
Yes	0.89 (0.80, 1.00)	0.97 (0.80, 1.18)	1.00 (0.74, 1.34)	1.14 (0.85, 1.55)	0.89 (0.70, 1.13)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-
Mood swings or depression
Yes	0.92 (0.80, 1.07)	0.86 (0.66, 1.12)	0.80 (0.55, 1.17)	0.91 (0.64, 1.30)	1.07 (0.81, 1.40)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-
Emotional dysregulation behaviors f
Yes	0.94 (0.84, 1.04)	0.73 (0.60, 0.90)	0.83 (0.62, 1.12)	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)	0.97 (0.76, 1.24)
No (ref. )	-	-	-	-	-

Abbreviations: Ref = reference category; aPR = adjusted prevalence ratio; CI = Confidence interval; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; ID = intellectual disability.

^aIntellectual disability status was not included due to correlation with child sex (r_s = −0.420, p < .0001).

^bBolded values indicate statistically significant results, where the confidence interval does not include 1. Borderline significant results, defined as 0.97 to 1.03, were also bolded.

^cParticipants with missing data for one or more variables included in the table were excluded from the models (n = 116/830).

^dRegression models adjusted for all other variables included in the table.

^eIncludes overreaction to stimuli and emotionally reactive behaviors.

^fIncludes irritability, aggression, agitation, and self-injury behaviors.