Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of adult dengue patients in the development and validation datasets
| Patient characteristics | Development (n = 684) | Validation (n = 351) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Female, n (%) | 314 (45.9) | 192 (54.7) | 0.009 |
| Age (years), Mean ± SD | 28.6 ± 12.8 | 23.4 ± 5.5 | 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), Mean ± SD | 23.2 ± 5.1 | 23.3 ± 5.1 | 0.585 |
| Underlying disease, n (%) | 50 (7.3) | 36 (10.3) | 0.122 |
| Hypertension | 30 (4.4) | 24 (6.8) | 0.105 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 22 (3.2) | 13 (3.7) | 0.718 |
| Dyslipidemia | 17 (2.5) | 12 (3.4) | 0.428 |
| Asthma | 8 (1.2) | 5 (1.4) | 0.771 |
| Clinical presentation, n (%) | |||
| fever | 684 (100) | 351 (100) | - |
| Headache | 444 (64.9) | 248 (70.7) | 0.070 |
| Myalgia | 487 (71.2) | 265 (75.5) | 0.162 |
| Retro-orbital pain | 92 (13.5) | 35 (10.0) | 0.111 |
| Bone pain | 12 (1.8) | 4 (1.1) | 0.598 |
| Joint pain | 45 (6.6) | 32 (9.1) | 0.168 |
| Abdominal pain | 144 (21.1) | 64 (18.2) | 0.326 |
| Vomiting | 311 (45.5) | 158 (45.0) | 0.895 |
| Cough | 162 (23.7) | 100 (28.5) | 0.097 |
| Diarrhea | 141 (20.6) | 73 (20.8) | 0.936 |
| Petechiae | 106 (15.5) | 49 (14.0) | 0.581 |
| Rash | 48 (7.0) | 33 (9.4) | 0.180 |
| Epistaxis | 30 (4.4) | 17 (4.8) | 0.754 |
| Bleeding from gums | 64 (9.4) | 21 (6.0) | 0.072 |
| Severe bleeding* | 69 (10.0) | 37 (10.5) | 0.829 |
| Hepatomegaly | 9 (1.3) | 6 (1.7) | 0.594 |
| Pleural effusion | 18 (2.6) | 4 (1.1) | 0.170 |
| Rapid weak pulse | 40 (5.9) | 27 (7.7) | 0.286 |
| Hemodynamic, Mean ± SD | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.8 ± 15.9 | 108.1 ± 17.8 | 0.013 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69.5 ± 12.2 | 67.1 ± 12.7 | 0.003 |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 41.3 ± 10.7 | 40.9 ± 12.4 | 0.673 |
| Hematological | |||
| Hematocrit (%), Mean ± SD | 42.3 ± 5.8 | 41.5 ± 5.2 | 0.025 |
|
White blood cell (/µL), Median (IQR) |
3520 (2600–5045) | 3500 (2670–4800) | 0.930 |
| Platelet count (/µL), Median (IQR) | 94 (58–140) | 90 (64–127) | 0.494 |
| Neutrophils (%), Mean ± SD | 60.9 ± 17.3 | 59.8 ± 17.7 | 0.345 |
| Lymphocyte (%), Median (IQR) | 25 (17–37) | 25 (17–36.6) | 0.935 |
| Biochemical | |||
| AST (U/L), Median (IQR) | 86 (45–155) | 74 (43–131) | 0.042 |
| ALT (U/L), Median (IQR) | 48.5 (27–99) | 43.5 (25–86) | 0.064 |
| Duration of fever (days), Mean ± SD | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 0.158 |
| Duration of admission (days), Median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.878 |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 6 (0.9) | 7 (2.0) | 0.111 |
Notes: *Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, hematemesis or melena, menorrhagia, or hematuria