Table 1. Participant characteristics, laboratory tests, and cognitive assessment.

Variables	T2DM-MCI (n=24)	T2DM-nMCI (n=23)	HCs (n=26)	PFDR
Male	16 (66.7)	11 (47.8)	10 (38.5)	0.190a
Age (years)	60.0 [54.5, 62.0]	58.0 [46.0, 62.0]	53.5 [51.0, 61.3]	0.264c
Years of education	12 [12, 16]	16 [12, 16]	12 [12, 13]	0.190c
MoCA	22 [20, 25]†,‡	26 [26, 27]	27 [26, 27]	<0.001c
FBG (mmol/L)	7.75 [6.02, 11.17]‡	7.45 [6.71, 8.86]‡	5.04 [4.78, 5.45]	<0.001c
HbA1c (mg/dL)	7.80±1.28‡	7.35±1.30‡	5.66±0.44	<0.001d
Disease duration (years)	13.0 [5.5, 20.0]	11.0 [7.0, 15.0]	Null	0.840b

Data are presented as n (%), mean ± standard deviation or median [25th and 75th percentile]. ^†, compared to the T2DM-nMCI group, P<0.05; ^‡, Compared to the HC group, P<0.05; ^a, Chi-squared test; ^b, Mann-Whitney U test; ^c, Kruskal-Wallis test; ^d, one-way ANOVA. ANOVA, analysis of variance; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FDR, false discovery rate; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HCs, healthy controls; MoCA, Montreal cognitive assessment; T2DM-MCI, type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild cognitive impairment; T2DM-nMCI, type 2 diabetes mellitus without mild cognitive impairment.