Table 2.

Concurrent associations between population mobility, individual mobility, and mental health (n=171).

Individual mobility factors and mental health symptom scales		Path Aa			Path Bb			Direct effectc			Indirect effectd
		β	P value	β		P value	β		P value	β (bootstrapped 95% CI)
Journey diversity
	PHQ-9e	−0.36	<.001	−0.29		.02	0.07		.64	0.11 (0.02 to 0.25)
	GAD-7f	−0.36	<.001	−0.21		.07	0.09		.59	0.08 (0 to 0.2)
	PCL-5g	−0.36	<.001	−0.35		.002	0.1		.48	0.13 (0.05 to 0.27)
Immobility
	PHQ-9	0.12	.14	0.19		.16	0.15		.24	0.02 (−0.01 to 0.11)
	GAD-7	0.12	.14	0.09		.45	0.15		.30	0.01 (−0.01 to 0.07)
	PCL-5	0.12	.14	0.09		.46	0.21		.09	0.01 (−0.01 to 0.08)
Remoteness
	PHQ-9	0.04	.54	0.04		.81	0.17		.17	0 (−0.01 to 0.03)
	GAD-7	0.04	.54	−0.01		.97	0.17		.27	0 (−0.03 to 0.02)
	PCL-5	0.04	.54	0.05		.70	0.22		.07	0 (−0.01 to 0.04)

^aPath A: association between population mobility (Hong Kong residential stay) and individual mobility.

^bPath B: association between individual mobility and symptom level.

^cDirect effect: association between population mobility and symptom level.

^dIndirect effect: effect of population mobility on symptom level, mediated via individual mobility (path A×path B).

^ePHQ-9: 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.

^fGAD-7: 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale.

^gPCL-5: PTSD Checklist for DSM-5.