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Hydro-thermal coupling calculation parameters of the seasonally frozen tunnel.
| Parameters | Value | Parameters | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ρ l | 2500kg/m3 | λ s | 1.38W/(m·℃) |
| ρ s | 1700kg/m3 | λ w | 0.63W/(m·℃) |
| ρ w | 1000kg/m3 | λ i | 2.31W/(m·℃) |
| ρ i | 918kg/m3 | θ s | 45% |
| c l | 1.046kJ/(kg·℃) | θ r | 4% |
| c s | 0.89kJ/(kg·℃) | θ 0 | 28% |
| c w | 4.2kJ/(kg·℃) | T f | −0.18℃ |
| c i | 2.1kJ/(kg·℃) | L | 334.56kJ/kg |
| λ l | 1.85W/(m·℃) | k s | 2e-8m/s |
