Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of 62 children with oligoarthritis or seronegative polyarthritis and associated TMJ involvement (N = 62)
| Number of patients N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Type of JIA | |
| Oligoarthritis (13 persistent, 18 extended) | 31 (50.0) |
| Seronegative polyarthritis | 31 (50.0) |
| Sex | |
| Girls | 46 (74.2) |
| Boys | 16 (25.8) |
| Age group at diagnosis of JIA (years) | |
| < 5.3 | 31 (50.0) |
| ≥ 5.3 | 31 (50.0) |
| Age group at the time of TMJ involvement (years) | |
| 2–5 | 27 (43.5) |
| 6–10 | 20 (32.3) |
| 11–15 | 15 (24.2) |
| < 6.7 | 31 (50.0) |
| ≥ 6.7 | 31 (50.0) |
| Delay from diagnosis of JIA to diagnosis of TMJ involvement | |
| Before diagnosis of JIA | 5 (8.1) |
| 0–5 months after diagnosis of JIA | 22 (35.5) |
| 6–12 months after diagnosis of JIA | 13 (21.0) |
| ≥ 13 months after diagnosis of JIA | 22 (35.5) |
| Rheumatoid factor (RF) | |
| Positive | 0 (0.0) |
| Negative | 30 (48.4) |
| Missing | 32 (51.6) |
| Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (Anti-CCP) | |
| Positive | 0 (0.0) |
| Negative | 24 (38.7) |
| Missing | 38 (61.3) |
| Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) | |
| Positive | 34 (54.8) |
| Negative | 28 (45.2) |
| Missing | 0 (0.0) |
| Human leucocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) | |
| Positive | 14 (22.6) |
| Negative | 45 (72.6) |
| Missing | 3 (4.8) |
| Medication at the time of TMJ involvement | |
| No medication | 11 (17.7) |
| sDMARDs + NSAID | 26 (41.9) |
| NSAID | 9 (14.5) |
| sDMARDs + NSAID + CC | 6 (9.7) |
| sDMARDs | 5 (8.1) |
| sDMARDs + bDMARDs + NSAID | 2 (3.2) |
| sDMARDs + bDMARDs | 1 (1.6) |
| sDMARDs + bDMARDs + CC | 1 (1.6) |
| sDMARDs + bDMARDs + NSAID + CC | 1 (1.6) |
| MRI findings | |
| Yes | 42 (67.7) |
| Inflammation | 37 (59.7) |
| Osteochondral damage | 39 (62.9) |
JIA juvenile idiopathic arthritis
TMJ temporomandibular joint
MRI magnetic resonance image
sDMARDs synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; methotrexate, azathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine
NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
CC systemic corticosteroid
bDMARDs biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; etanercept, adalimumab