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. 2026 May 19;16:24996. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53747-2

Table 2.

Repellent activity (48 h) of air anion against T. urticae and A. gossypii.

Species Group No. (Mean ± SE) Repellency (%, mean ± SE) t
T. urticae Untreated 20.8 ± 1.5 44.0 ± 18.1 7.00***
Treated 8.0 ± 1.0
A. gossypii Untreated 14.0 ± 0.4 49.4 ± 13.3 11.50***
Treated 4.8 ± 0.7

Means with ‘***’ are significantly different between treated and untreated by pooled t-test (p = 0.001).