Table 2.

Associations of LTPA with grip strength: continuous and tertile-based analyses

Panel A. LTPA as a continuous variable (per 60 min/week increase; n = 418)
Model	β (kg)	95% CI	P value
Crude	0.155	0.056 to 0.253	0.002
Model 1	0.067	0.008 to 0.125	0.025
Model 2	0.059	0.002 to 0.116	0.044
Model 3	0.064	0.009 to 0.120	0.023

Panel B. LTPA tertiles (reference: T1 ≤ 0 min/wk; n = 418)
Model	T2 vs. T1, β (95% CI)	P value	T3 vs. T1, β (95% CI)	P value	P for trend
Crude	0.843 (-1.453 to 3.139)	0.471	1.652 (-0.466 to 3.770)	0.126	0.13
Model 1	0.650 (-0.999 to 2.300)	0.439	0.639 (-0.743 to 2.020)	0.364	0.385
Model 2	0.485 (-1.151 to 2.121)	0.56	0.473 (-0.910 to 1.856)	0.502	0.522
Model 3	0.679 (-1.010 to 2.368)	0.43	0.684 (-0.692 to 2.060)	0.329	0.35

Notes: Values are regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals from ordinary least squares regression with HC3 robust standard errors

Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex

Model 2 was additionally adjusted for education, marital status, living arrangement, and residence

Model 3 was further adjusted for sleep duration, current smoking, current drinking, number of chronic diseases, fall risk score, and cognitive screening score