| OD | Optical density |
| TLC | Thin layer chromatography |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| CFUs | Colony forming units |
| HPLC | High-performance liquid chromatography |
| MEGA | Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis |
| PCA | Principal component analysis |
| PLS-DA | Partial least squares-discriminant analysis |