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. 2026 Aug 5;18(15):2505. doi: 10.3390/cancers18152505
PTC Papillary thyroid cancer
NIR Near-infrared
ICG Indocyanine green
FGS Fluorescence-guided surgery
NIRAF Near-infrared autofluorescence
US Ultrasound
FNA Fine needle aspiration
CT Computed tomography
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
PET Positron emission tomography
ATC Anaplastic thyroid cancer
MTC Medullary thyroid cancer
PAI Photoacoustic imaging
AuNC Gold nanocluster
BSA Bovine serum albumin
NTR Nitroreductase
RACPPs Radiometric activatable cell-penetrating peptides
CLI Cerenkov luminescence imaging
HSA Human serum albumin
MMP Matrix metalloprotease
FTC Follicular thyroid carcinoma
FDA Food and Drug Administration
5-ALA 5-Aminolevulinic acid
GGT γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase
OCT Optical coherence tomography
DOT Diffuse optical tomography
RLN Recurrent laryngeal nerve
MSOT Multispectral optoacoustic tomography
ISFGS International Society for Fluorescence Guided Surgery
AI Artificial intelligence