| ACSM | American College of Sports Medicine |
| BMD | Bone mineral density |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| DXA | Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry |
| GIP | Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GLP-1RA | Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist |
| HDL | High-density lipoprotein |
| hsCRP | High-sensitivity C-reactive protein |
| MACE | Major adverse cardiovascular events |
| MetS-Z | Metabolic syndrome severity z-score |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| SANRA | Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles |