| mTORC1 | mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| AMPK | 5′-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ULK1 | Unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase |
| PI3KC | phosphoinositide 3-kinase complex |
| PI3P | phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate |
| LC3B | microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 |
| LAMP | lysosomal-associated membrane protein |
| Ub | ubiquitin |
| BNIP3L/NIX | BCL2 Interacting Protein 3 Like |
| BNIP3 | BCL2 Interacting Protein 3 |
| FUNDC1 | FUN14 domain containing 1 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| PEX | peroxin protein |
| PMP | peroxisomal membrane protein |
| NBR1 | neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1 |
| NUFIP-1 | nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 |
| ZNHIT3 | zinc finger HIT domain-containing protein 3 |
| ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
| LIR | LC3B-interacting region |
| AIM | ATG8-interacting motif |
| TRIM16 | tripartite motif containing 16. |
| FBXO27 | F-Box Protein 27 |
| ELDR | endolysosomal damage response |
| TEX264 | Testis Expressed 264 |
| GABARAP | GABAA receptor-associated protein |
| LDs | lipid droplets |
| FXR | nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor |
| PPARα | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha |
| CREB | transcriptional activator cAMP response element-binding protein |
| SOCE | store-operated calcium entry |
| KSS | Kearns–Sayre syndrome |
| CPEO | chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia |
| mtDNA | mitochondrial DNA |
| NDP52 | nuclear domain 10 protein 52 |
| TAX1BP1 | Tax1 binding protein 1 |
| PERK | PRKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase |
| HSPA4 | heat shock protein family A |
| DNAJC | DnaJ heat shock protein family |
| MERRF | myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibres |
| MELAS | mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes |
| iPSCs | induced pluripotent stem cells |
| RPE | retinal pigment epithelium |
| STAT3 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| MNRR1 | mitochondrial nuclear retrograde regulator 1 |
| MFM | myofibrillar myopathy |
| CASA | chaperone-assisted selective autophagy |
| β-FAO | β-oxidation of fatty acids |
| VLCADD | very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency |
| MCADD | medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency |
| CPT | carnitine Palmitoyltransferase |