| 1,25(OH)2D3 | 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 |
| 25(OH)D | 25-hydroxyvitamin D |
| ALS | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| APP | Amyloid precursor protein |
| ATAC-seq | Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing |
| BACE1 | Beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 |
| BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| BGLAP | Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (osteocalcin) |
| C/EBPα | CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha |
| ChIA-PET | Chromatin Interaction Analysis by Paired-End Tag Sequencing |
| ChIP-seq | Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing |
| circRNA | Circular RNA |
| COL2A1 | Collagen type II alpha 1 chain |
| CYP27B1 | Cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1 |
| DKK1 | Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 |
| DNMT | DNA methyltransferase |
| DO-HEALTH | Vitamin D Supplementation, Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation, and Strength-Training Exercise Program trial |
| DR3 | Direct repeat with 3-base-pair spacing |
| EZH2 | Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 |
| GDNF | Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor |
| HAT | Histone acetyltransferase |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| HD | Huntington’s disease |
| Hi-C | High-throughput chromosome conformation capture |
| HSC | Hematopoietic stem cell |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-like growth factor 1 |
| IU | International unit |
| KDM6B | Lysine demethylase 6B |
| LINE-1 | Long interspersed nuclear element 1 |
| lncRNA | Long non-coding RNA |
| MAPT | Microtubule-associated protein tau |
| miRNA | MicroRNA |
| MSTN | Myostatin |
| NGF | Nerve growth factor |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| PGC-1α | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha |
| PRC2 | Polycomb repressive complex 2 |
| PU.1 | Transcription factor PU.1 (SPI1) |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| RXR | Retinoid X receptor |
| SASP | Senescence-associated secretory phenotype |
| SETD7 | SET domain containing 7 (histone lysine methyltransferase) |
| SFRP1 | Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 |
| SOX9 | SRY-box transcription factor 9 |
| SOST | Sclerostin |
| SP7 | Sp7 transcription factor (osterix) |
| SWI/SNF | Switch/sucrose non-fermentable |
| TAD | Topologically associating domain |
| TET | Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| VDR | Vitamin D receptor |
| VDRE | Vitamin D response element |
| VITAL | VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL |
| Wnt | Wingless-type MMTV integration site family |
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